The Rise of Sodium-ion Batteries and Capacitors

Sodium-ion batteries and capacitors are rapidly gaining traction in the energy storage sector due to their cost-effectiveness and material abundance compared to traditional lithium-ion technologies. Sodium, being far more abundant and geographically widespread than lithium, offers a significant advantage in terms of raw material cost and supply chain resilience. As research and development continue to improve their performance and scalability, sodium-ion technologies are emerging as a strong contender in the transition to sustainable and affordable energy systems.

A key enabler of this technology is the use of hard carbon as the anode material, which is more suitable for sodium storage than graphite.

Challenges in Producing Local and Sustainable Anode Material

Worldwide hard carbon production is mostly based in Asia where coconut shells are used as precursor material for hard carbon. Demand for coconut-based products is rising, which can incentivise monoculture farming and deforestation, putting further strain on local ecosystems. This centralised and resource-intensive model challenges the development of local, circular, and sustainable anode material supply chains in Europe and other regions striving for autonomy in battery raw materials.

Eco-Friendly Hard Carbon Anode Material Developed by UP Catalyst

New, sustainable, and local production methods are emerging, including the use of biomass-based precursors. UP Catalyst produces Hard Carbon from lignin, a major component of lignocellulosic biomass alongside cellulose and hemicellulose. In our case, the lignin is a by-product derived from the hydrolytic treatment of wood — specifically from species such as alder and birch, which are abundantly available in the Baltic region. This lignin, sourced as a residue from biorefineries, is be supplied to UP Catalyst by our established European partners.